cloudflare-dns

What this skill does

# Cloudflare DNS Skill

Complete Cloudflare DNS operations via REST API with focus on Azure integration.

## Overview

This skill covers Cloudflare DNS management for Azure-hosted workloads, including:

- API token configuration and security
- DNS record management (A, AAAA, CNAME, TXT, MX)
- Proxy settings (orange/gray cloud)
- External-DNS integration for Kubernetes
- Troubleshooting and monitoring

## Authentication

### API Token (Recommended)

Create scoped API tokens instead of using Global API Key:

**Required Permissions:**

| Permission | Access | Purpose |
|------------|--------|---------|
| Zone > Zone | Read | List zones |
| Zone > DNS | Edit | Manage DNS records |

**Create Token:**

1. Cloudflare Dashboard > My Profile > API Tokens
2. Create Token > Custom token
3. Add permissions above
4. Zone Resources: Specific zones only
5. (Optional) IP filtering for extra security

**Environment Setup:**

```bash
# Export for API calls
export CF_API_TOKEN="your-api-token"
export CF_ZONE_ID="your-zone-id"

# Get zone ID
curl -s -X GET "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" | jq '.result[] | {name, id}'
```

### Token Verification

```bash
# Verify token is valid
curl -X GET "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/user/tokens/verify" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN"
```

## Quick Reference

### List DNS Records

```bash
# All records
curl -s "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" | jq '.result[] | {name, type, content, proxied}'

# Filter by type
curl -s "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records?type=A" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" | jq '.result[]'

# Search by name
curl -s "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records?name=app.example.com" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" | jq '.result[]'
```

### Create DNS Records

```bash
# A Record (proxied)
curl -X POST "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "type": "A",
    "name": "app",
    "content": "20.185.100.50",
    "ttl": 1,
    "proxied": true
  }'

# A Record (DNS-only)
curl -X POST "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "type": "A",
    "name": "mail",
    "content": "20.185.100.51",
    "ttl": 3600,
    "proxied": false
  }'

# CNAME Record
curl -X POST "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "type": "CNAME",
    "name": "www",
    "content": "app.example.com",
    "ttl": 1,
    "proxied": true
  }'

# TXT Record
curl -X POST "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "type": "TXT",
    "name": "_dmarc",
    "content": "v=DMARC1; p=quarantine; rua=mailto:[email protected]",
    "ttl": 3600
  }'

# MX Record
curl -X POST "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "type": "MX",
    "name": "@",
    "content": "mail.example.com",
    "priority": 10,
    "ttl": 3600
  }'
```

### Update DNS Records

```bash
# Get record ID first
RECORD_ID=$(curl -s "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records?name=app.example.com&type=A" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" | jq -r '.result[0].id')

# Update record
curl -X PUT "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records/$RECORD_ID" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "type": "A",
    "name": "app",
    "content": "20.185.100.60",
    "ttl": 1,
    "proxied": true
  }'

# Patch (partial update)
curl -X PATCH "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records/$RECORD_ID" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"proxied": false}'
```

### Delete DNS Records

```bash
# Get record ID
RECORD_ID=$(curl -s "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records?name=old.example.com" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" | jq -r '.result[0].id')

# Delete
curl -X DELETE "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records/$RECORD_ID" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN"
```

## Proxy Settings (Orange/Gray Cloud)

### When to Enable Proxy (Orange Cloud)

| Use Case | Proxy | Reason |
|----------|-------|--------|
| Web applications | Yes | CDN, DDoS protection |
| REST APIs | Yes | Performance, security |
| Static websites | Yes | Caching, optimization |
| WebSockets | Yes | Supported with config |

### When to Disable Proxy (Gray Cloud)

| Use Case | Proxy | Reason |
|----------|-------|--------|
| Mail servers (MX) | No | SMTP not supported |
| SSH access | No | Non-HTTP protocol |
| FTP servers | No | Non-HTTP protocol |
| Custom TCP/UDP | No | Only HTTP/HTTPS proxied |
| VPN endpoints | No | Direct connection needed |

### Toggle Proxy via API

```bash
# Enable proxy
curl -X PATCH "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records/$RECORD_ID" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"proxied": true}'

# Disable proxy
curl -X PATCH "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/dns_records/$RECORD_ID" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"proxied": false}'
```

## External-DNS Integration

### Kubernetes Secret

```bash
kubectl create namespace external-dns

kubectl create secret generic cloudflare-api-token \
  --namespace external-dns \
  --from-literal=cloudflare_api_token="$CF_API_TOKEN"
```

### Helm Values (kubernetes-sigs/external-dns)

```yaml
fullnameOverride: external-dns

provider:
  name: cloudflare

env:
  - name: CF_API_TOKEN
    valueFrom:
      secretKeyRef:
        name: cloudflare-api-token
        key: cloudflare_api_token

extraArgs:
  cloudflare-proxied: true
  cloudflare-dns-records-per-page: 5000

sources:
  - service
  - ingress

domainFilters:
  - example.com

txtOwnerId: "aks-cluster-name"  # MUST be unique per cluster
txtPrefix: "_externaldns."
policy: upsert-only  # Production: NEVER use sync
interval: "5m"

logLevel: info
logFormat: json

resources:
  requests:
    memory: "64Mi"
    cpu: "25m"
  limits:
    memory: "128Mi"

serviceMonitor:
  enabled: true
  interval: 30s
```

### Ingress Annotations

```yaml
metadata:
  annotations:
    # Hostname for External-DNS
    external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: "app.example.com"

    # Custom TTL
    external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: "300"

    # Override proxy setting
    external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/cloudflare-proxied: "true"

    # Multiple hostnames
    external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: "app.example.com,www.example.com"
```

## Zone Management

### List Zones

```bash
curl -s "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" | jq '.result[] | {name, id, status, plan: .plan.name}'
```

### Get Zone Details

```bash
curl -s "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" | jq '.result'
```

### Zone Settings

```bash
# Get all settings
curl -s "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/settings" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" | jq '.result[] | {id, value}'

# Get specific setting
curl -s "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/zones/$CF_ZONE_ID/settings/ssl" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $CF_API_TOKEN" | jq '.result'

# Update SSL mode
curl -X PATCH "https://api.clo