dbos-python
Guide for building reliable, fault-tolerant Python applications with DBOS durable workflows. Use when adding DBOS to existing Python code, creating workflows and steps, or using queues for concurrency control.
What this skill does
# DBOS Python Best Practices
Guide for building reliable, fault-tolerant Python applications with DBOS durable workflows.
## When to Use
Reference these guidelines when:
- Adding DBOS to existing Python code
- Creating workflows and steps
- Using queues for concurrency control
- Implementing workflow communication (events, messages, streams)
- Configuring and launching DBOS applications
- Using DBOSClient from external applications
- Testing DBOS applications
## Rule Categories by Priority
| Priority | Category | Impact | Prefix |
|----------|----------|--------|--------|
| 1 | Lifecycle | CRITICAL | `lifecycle-` |
| 2 | Workflow | CRITICAL | `workflow-` |
| 3 | Step | HIGH | `step-` |
| 4 | Queue | HIGH | `queue-` |
| 5 | Communication | MEDIUM | `comm-` |
| 6 | Pattern | MEDIUM | `pattern-` |
| 7 | Testing | LOW-MEDIUM | `test-` |
| 8 | Client | MEDIUM | `client-` |
| 9 | Advanced | LOW | `advanced-` |
## Critical Rules
### DBOS Configuration and Launch
A DBOS application MUST configure and launch DBOS inside its main function:
```python
import os
from dbos import DBOS, DBOSConfig
@DBOS.workflow()
def my_workflow():
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
config: DBOSConfig = {
"name": "my-app",
"system_database_url": os.environ.get("DBOS_SYSTEM_DATABASE_URL"),
}
DBOS(config=config)
DBOS.launch()
```
### Workflow and Step Structure
Workflows are comprised of steps. Any function performing complex operations or accessing external services must be a step:
```python
@DBOS.step()
def call_external_api():
return requests.get("https://api.example.com").json()
@DBOS.workflow()
def my_workflow():
result = call_external_api()
return result
```
### Key Constraints
- Do NOT call `DBOS.start_workflow` or `DBOS.recv` from a step
- Do NOT use threads to start workflows - use `DBOS.start_workflow` or queues
- Workflows MUST be deterministic - non-deterministic operations go in steps
- Do NOT create/update global variables from workflows or steps
## How to Use
Read individual rule files for detailed explanations and examples:
```
references/lifecycle-config.md
references/workflow-determinism.md
references/queue-concurrency.md
```
## References
- https://docs.dbos.dev/
- https://github.com/dbos-inc/dbos-transact-py
## Limitations
- Use this skill only when the task clearly matches the scope described above.
- Do not treat the output as a substitute for environment-specific validation, testing, or expert review.
- Stop and ask for clarification if required inputs, permissions, safety boundaries, or success criteria are missing.
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