flyio-performance-tuning
Optimize Fly.io application performance with auto-stop/start tuning, VM sizing, multi-region latency optimization, and connection pooling. Trigger: "fly.io performance", "fly.io cold start", "fly.io latency", "fly.io VM sizing".
What this skill does
# Fly.io Performance Tuning
## Overview
Optimize Fly.io performance: eliminate cold starts, right-size VMs, leverage multi-region for low latency, and tune concurrency settings.
## Instructions
### Step 1: Eliminate Cold Starts
```toml
# fly.toml — suspend instead of stop for faster resume (~100ms vs ~5s)
[http_service]
auto_stop_machines = "suspend" # Suspend to RAM, not full stop
auto_start_machines = true
min_machines_running = 1 # Always-warm in primary region
# For latency-critical: keep machines running in all regions
# min_machines_running applies globally
```
### Step 2: Right-Size VMs
```bash
# Check current allocation
fly scale show -a my-app
# Start small, scale up based on metrics
fly scale vm shared-cpu-1x --memory 256 # Start here
fly scale vm shared-cpu-1x --memory 512 # If memory-constrained
fly scale vm shared-cpu-2x --memory 1024 # If CPU-bound
fly scale vm performance-2x --memory 4096 # For compute-heavy workloads
```
| Workload | VM | Memory | When |
|----------|-------|--------|------|
| Static site / API proxy | shared-cpu-1x | 256mb | Low traffic |
| Node.js API | shared-cpu-1x | 512mb | Most apps |
| Heavy processing | shared-cpu-2x | 1gb | Background jobs |
| Database / ML | performance-2x | 4gb | Compute-intensive |
### Step 3: Multi-Region Latency Optimization
```bash
# Deploy close to your users
fly scale count 1 --region iad # US East
fly scale count 1 --region lhr # Europe
fly scale count 1 --region nrt # Asia Pacific
# Fly automatically routes to nearest region via Anycast
# Verify: curl with timing
curl -w "DNS: %{time_namelookup}s, Connect: %{time_connect}s, Total: %{time_total}s\n" \
-o /dev/null -s https://my-app.fly.dev/health
```
### Step 4: Connection Pooling for Postgres
```typescript
// Use connection pooling for Fly Postgres
// PgBouncer runs on port 5433 (pooled) vs 5432 (direct)
const pooledUrl = process.env.DATABASE_URL?.replace(':5432/', ':5433/');
// Prisma: add pgbouncer=true
// DATABASE_URL="postgres://user:[email protected]:5433/db?pgbouncer=true"
```
### Step 5: Tune Concurrency
```toml
[http_service.concurrency]
type = "requests" # or "connections"
hard_limit = 250 # Max before rejecting
soft_limit = 200 # Start scaling at this point
```
## Resources
- [Auto Stop/Start](https://fly.io/docs/launch/autostop-autostart/)
- [Machine Sizing](https://fly.io/docs/machines/)
- [Suspend/Resume](https://fly.io/docs/reference/suspend-resume/)
## Next Steps
For cost optimization, see `flyio-cost-tuning`.
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