gcp-spark
Develops and executes Spark code on Dataproc Clusters and Serverless. Reads and writes data using BigLake Iceberg catalogs, BigQuery and Spanner. Debugs execution failures. Use when: - Writing Spark ETL pipelines on GCP. - Training or running inference with ML models with spark on GCP. - Managing Spark clusters, jobs, batches, and interactive sessions. Don't use when: - Writing generic Python scripts that don't use Spark. - Performing simple SQL queries that can be done directly in BigQuery.
What this skill does
# Spark on Dataproc
> [!IMPORTANT] You MUST ALWAYS follow the Task Execution Workflow when writing
> spark code.
## Task Execution Workflow
1. **Understand schemas**: **ALWAYS** use `@skill:discovering-gcp-data-assets`
skill or `references/schema_direct_inspection.md` to understand input and
output schemas. Include the schema in your thought process BEFORE generating
any code. Do NOT guess column names.
2. **Generate spark code**:
* **Output Format**: **ALWAYS** generate code in **Python Notebooks
(.ipynb)** format. Generate scripts (.py) only if explicitly requested.
* **Read and Write data**: **ALWAYS** Refer to
`references/read_write_data.md` when reading or writing data.
* **ML Tasks**: Refer to `@skill:ml-best-practices` skill and
`references/ml_tasks.md` when generating ML code.
* **Spark Optimizations**: **ALWAYS** refer to
`references/spark_optimizations.md` when generating spark code and apply
optimization whenever applicable.
3. **Verify schema before write**: **ALWAYS** verify that the dataframe and
destination schema match, use `df.printSchema()` for dataframe schema and
refer to `@skill:discovering-gcp-data-assets` skill or
`references/schema_direct_inspection.md` to verify destination schema.
4. **Compile code before executing**: For notebooks convert them to python
script using `jupyter nbconvert --to script your-notebook.ipynb` first, then
compile code using `python3 -m py_compile your-notebook.py`.
5. **Execute script**: ONLY when generating a `.py` script refer to
`references/gcloud_dataproc.md` on writing command to execute generated code
on Dataproc. This DOES NOT apply when generating notebooks.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## Common Mistakes Checklist
> [!CAUTION] Ensure you verify this checklist to avoid mistakes
Before submitting a job, verify:
- [ ] **All imports present** (`col`, `when`, `lit`, etc. from
`pyspark.sql.functions`)
- [ ] **`vector_to_array` from correct module** use `from pyspark.ml.functions
import vector_to_array` (NOT `pyspark.sql.functions`)
- [ ] **DataFrame schema matches target Iceberg table** verify with
`df.printSchema()` before writing
- [ ] **CSV files read with `header` and `inferSchema`** without these, the
header row becomes data and all columns are strings
- [ ] **Avoid toPandas()** Converting a pyspark dataframe to pandas by calling
toPandas() can lead to out of memory errors. Only acceptable for building
visualizations in Spark 3.5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## IAM Requirements
The Dataproc service account needs:
* `roles/dataproc.worker`: Job execution
* `roles/biglake.admin`: Iceberg table management
* `roles/bigquery.jobUser`: Query materialization
* `roles/storage.objectUser`: Read/write GCS
* `roles/spanner.databaseUser`: Spanner writes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## Spark resource management
Refer to `references/gcloud_dataproc.md` for detailed guidelines on managing
Spark clusters, jobs, batches, and interactive sessions.
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