json-to-html-table-with-lit
Learn how to create a dynamic HTML table from JSON data using a Lit web component, with examples for fetching data from a URL or using inline JSON, and the ability to make the table editable.
What this skill does
# JSON to HTML Table with Lit
In this article I will go over how to set up a [Lit](https://lit.dev/) web component and use it to create a HTML [Table](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/table) from json url or inline json.
> **TLDR** The final source [here](https://github.com/rodydavis/lit-html-table) and an online [demo](https://rodydavis.github.io/lit-html-table/).
## Prerequisites
* Vscode
* Node >= 16
* Typescript
## Getting Started
We can start off by navigating in terminal to the location of the project and run the following:
```
npm init @vitejs/app --template lit-ts
```
Then enter a project name `lit-html-table` and now open the project in vscode and install the dependencies:
```
cd lit-html-table
npm i lit
npm i -D @types/node
code .
```
Update the `vite.config.ts` with the following:
```
import { defineConfig } from "vite";
import { resolve } from "path";
export default defineConfig({
base: "/lit-html-table/",
build: {
lib: {
entry: "src/lit-html-table.ts",
formats: ["es"],
},
rollupOptions: {
input: {
main: resolve(__dirname, "index.html"),
},
},
},
});
```
## Template
Open up the `index.html` and update it with the following:
```
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/src/favicon.svg" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>JSON to Lit HTML Table</title>
<script type="module" src="/src/lit-html-table.ts"></script>
</head>
<body>
<lit-html-table src="https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts">
<!-- <span slot="title" style="color: red;">Title</span> -->
<!-- <script type="application/json">
[
{
"id": "0",
"name": "First Item"
}
]
</script> -->
</lit-html-table>
</body>
</html>
```
We are passing a src attribute to the web component for this example but we can also add a script tag with the type attribute set to `application/json` with the contents containing the json.
If any table header cell needed to be replaced an element can be provided with the slot name set to the key in the json object.
## Web Component
Before we update our component we need to rename `my-element.ts` to `lit-html-table.ts`
Open up `lit-html-table.ts` and update it with the following:
```
import { html, css, LitElement } from "lit";
import { customElement, property } from "lit/decorators.js";
type ObjectData = { [key: string]: any };
@customElement("lit-html-table")
export class LitHtmlTable extends LitElement {
@property() src = "";
data?: ObjectData[];
static styles = css`
tr {
text-align: var(--table-tr-text-align, left);
vertical-align: var(--table-tr-vertical-align, top);
padding: var(--table-tr-padding, 10px);
}
`;
render() {
// Check if data is loaded
if (!this.values) {
return html`<slot name="loading">Loading...</slot>`;
}
// Check if items are not empty
if (this.values.length === 0) {
return html`<slot name="empty">No Items Found!</slot>`;
}
// Convert JSON to HTML Table
return html`
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
${Object.keys(this.values[0]).map((key) => {
const name = key.replace(/\b([a-z])/g, (_, val) =>
val.toUpperCase()
);
return html`<th>
<slot name="${key}">${name}</slot>
</th>`;
})}
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
${this.values.map((item) => {
return html`
<tr>
${Object.values(item).map((row) => {
return html`<td>${row}</td>`;
})}
</tr>
`;
})}
</tbody>
</table>
`;
}
async firstUpdated() {
await this.fetchData();
}
// Download the latest json and update it locally
async fetchData() {
let _data: any;
if (this.src.length > 0) {
// If a src attribute is set prefer it over any slots
_data = await fetch(this.src).then((res) => res.json());
} else {
// If no src attribute is set then grab the inline json in the slot
const elem = this.parentElement?.querySelector(
'script[type="application/json"]'
) as HTMLScriptElement;
if (elem) _data = JSON.parse(elem.innerHTML);
}
this.values = this.transform(_data ?? []);
this.requestUpdate();
}
transform(data: any) {
return data;
}
}
```
We have defined a few [CSS Custom Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/--*) to style the table cell but many more can be added here.
If everything goes well run the command `npm run dev` and the follow should appear:
## Editing
What if we wanted to support editing of any cell? With Lit and Web Components we can progressively enhance the experience without changing the html.
At the top of the class add the following boolean property:
```
@property({ type: Boolean }) editable = false;
```
Now update the `tbody` tag in the render method:
```
<tbody>
${this.values.map((item, index) => {
return html`
<tr>
${Object.entries(item).map((row) => {
return html`<td>
${this.editable
? html`<input
value="${row[1]}"
type="text"
@input=${(e: any) => {
const value = e.target.value;
const key = row[0];
const current = this.values![index];
current[key] = value;
this.values![index] = current;
this.requestUpdate();
this.dispatchEvent(
new CustomEvent("input-cell", {
detail: {
index: index,
data: current,
},
})
);
}}
/>`
: html`${row[1]}`}
</td>`;
})}
</tr>
`;
})}
</tbody>
```
By checking to see if the `editable` and if `true` return an input with an event listener to update the data and dispatch an `input` event.
Add the `editable` attribute to the `index.html`:
```
<lit-html-table editable> ... </lit-html-table>
```
After a reload the table should look like this and any cell can be edited.
An event listener can be added just before the closing `body` tag in `index.html` to grab the latest values or cell information:
```
<script>
const elem = document.querySelector("lit-html-table");
elem.addEventListener(
"input-cell",
(e) => {
// Index and data for the individual cell
const { index, data } = e.detail;
// New array of json items
const values = elem.values;
},
false
);
</script>
```
This can be taken farther by checking for the type of the value and returning a color, number or checkbox input.
## Conclusion
If you want to learn more about building with Lit you can read the docs [here](https://lit.dev/). There is also an example on the Lit playground [here](https://lit.dev/playground/#project=W3sibmFtZSI6ImxpdC1odG1sLXRhYmxlLnRzIiwiY29udGVudCI6ImltcG9ydCB7IGh0bWwsIGNzcywgTGl0RWxlbWVudCB9IGZyb20gXCJsaXRcIjtcbmltcG9ydCB7IGN1c3RvbUVsZW1lbnQsIHByb3BlcnR5IH0gZnJvbSBcImxpdC9kZWNvcmF0b3JzLmpzXCI7XG5cbnR5cGUgT2JqZWN0RGF0YSA9IHsgW2tleTogc3RyaW5nXTogYW55IH07XG5cbkBjdXN0b21FbGVtZW50KFwibGl0LWh0bWwtdGFibGVcIilcbmV4cG9ydCBjbGFzcyBMaXRIdG1sVGFibGUgZXh0ZW5kcyBMaXRFbGVtZW50IHtcbiAgQHByb3BlcnR5KCkgc3JjID0gXCJcIjtcblxuICBkYXRhPzogT2JqZWN0RGF0YVtdO1xuXG4gIHN0YXRpYyBzdHlsZXMgPSBjc3Related in Design
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