laravel-eloquent
Write performant Eloquent queries with eager loading, reusable scopes, and strict lazy-loading prevention in Laravel. Use when defining model relationships, creating query scopes, or processing large datasets with chunk/cursor.
What this skill does
# Laravel Eloquent ## **Priority: P0 (CRITICAL)** ## Workflow: Add Model with Safe Queries 1. **Define model** — Set `$fillable`, `$casts`, and relationships. 2. **Enable strict loading** — Call `preventLazyLoading(!app()->isProduction())` in AppServiceProvider. 3. **Add scopes** — Create `scopeActive()`, `scopeVerified()` for reusable filters. 4. **Eager-load in queries** — Use `with()` for all relationship access. 5. **Process large datasets** — Use `chunk()` or `cursor()` instead of `get()`. ## Scope + Eager Loading Example See [implementation examples](references/implementation.md#scope--eager-loading-example) for model scopes, eager loading, and directory structure. ## Implementation Guidelines ### Query Efficiency & Performance - **N+1 Prevention**: **Always use `with()`** or `$with` for relationships. Never access relationship properties in loop without eager loading (**N+1 Prevention**). - **Strict Loading**: Call **`Eloquent::preventLazyLoading(!app()->isProduction())`** in **`AppServiceProvider::boot()`** to throw **`LazyLoadingViolationException`** in local/dev. - **Large Datasets**: Use **`chunk()`**, **`lazy()`**, or **`cursor()`** for processing many records without memory issues (**Memory Efficiency**). ### Query Logic & Scopes - **Reusable Scopes**: Define **`scopeName(Builder $query): Builder`** methods in models for **reusable query filters**. - **Chaining**: Chain scopes (e.g., `User::active()->verified()->get()`) to keep controllers from duplicating query logic. ### Models & Security - **Mass Assignment**: Always define **`protected $fillable`** array; use **`$request->validated()`** for **`Model::create()`**. - **Casting**: Use **`protected $casts`** for dates, JSON, and custom types to ensure data consistency. ## Anti-Patterns - **No lazy loading**: Eager-load with `with()` or `$with`; never in loops. - **No business logic in Models**: Move to Services or Actions. - **No raw SQL strings**: Use Query Builder or Eloquent methods. - **No `select *`**: Specify required columns to limit data transfer. ## References - [Eloquent Performance Guide](references/implementation.md)
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