magento-multi-store

What this skill does

# Magento Multi-Store Setup

## Overview

Magento's multi-store architecture has three levels: Website → Store → Store View. A Website groups stores with a shared customer base and order flow. A Store (under a Website) has its own root category and URL structure. Store Views (under a Store) typically represent languages or locales. Configuration values can be set at Global, Website, or Store View scope — lower scopes override higher ones. Adobe Commerce (B2B) adds Shared Catalogs for per-company product/price visibility control.

## When to Use This Skill

- When running multiple brands or country-specific storefronts from a single Magento installation
- When setting different base currencies, tax configurations, or payment methods per website
- When creating a B2B portal alongside a B2C store with different product visibility
- When implementing localized store views for multiple languages under the same product catalog
- When configuring separate checkout flows, shipping methods, or payment gateways per website
- When managing shared product catalog with website-specific pricing and visibility overrides

## Core Instructions

1. **Create the Website → Store → Store View hierarchy**

   > **Note:** Core Magento does not ship `bin/magento store:website:create`, `store:group:create`, or `store:store:create` CLI commands. Create websites, stores, and store views either through **Admin → Stores → All Stores** or programmatically in PHP (shown below). Some third-party modules add CLI equivalents, but they are not part of the core.

   Via PHP programmatically (primary method):

   ```php
   <?php
   // Create website via DataObject
   use Magento\Store\Model\Website;
   use Magento\Store\Model\Group;
   use Magento\Store\Model\Store;

   $website = $objectManager->create(Website::class);
   $website->setCode('uk_site')
           ->setName('UK Website')
           ->setDefaultGroupId(0) // Set after creating group
           ->save();

   $storeGroup = $objectManager->create(Group::class);
   $storeGroup->setWebsiteId($website->getId())
              ->setName('UK Store')
              ->setRootCategoryId(3) // Your UK root category ID
              ->save();

   $storeView = $objectManager->create(Store::class);
   $storeView->setWebsiteId($website->getId())
             ->setGroupId($storeGroup->getId())
             ->setCode('uk_en')
             ->setName('UK English')
             ->setIsActive(1)
             ->save();
   ```

2. **Configure nginx for multi-website routing**

   ```nginx
   # /etc/nginx/sites-available/magento-multi-store.conf

   # Map host to Magento store code (MAGE_RUN_CODE + MAGE_RUN_TYPE)
   map $http_host $MAGE_RUN_CODE {
       hostnames;
       default         "";
       www.mystore.com "";         # Default (global config)
       uk.mystore.com  uk_en;     # UK store view
       de.mystore.com  de_de;     # German store view
       b2b.mystore.com b2b_en;   # B2B website
   }

   map $http_host $MAGE_RUN_TYPE {
       hostnames;
       default         "";
       www.mystore.com "";
       uk.mystore.com  "store";   # Route to store view
       de.mystore.com  "store";
       b2b.mystore.com "website"; # Route to website (different customer base)
   }

   server {
       listen 443 ssl http2;
       server_name ~^(.+\.)?mystore\.com$;

       root /var/www/magento/pub;
       index index.php;

       location ~ \.php$ {
           fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock;
           fastcgi_param MAGE_RUN_CODE $MAGE_RUN_CODE;
           fastcgi_param MAGE_RUN_TYPE $MAGE_RUN_TYPE;
           include fastcgi_params;
       }
   }
   ```

3. **Set scoped configuration values**

   Configuration can be set at global, website, or store view scope:

   ```bash
   # Set base URL per website
   bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site web/secure/base_url "https://uk.mystore.com/"
   bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site web/unsecure/base_url "https://uk.mystore.com/"

   # Set currency per website
   bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site currency/options/base GBP
   bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site currency/options/default GBP
   bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site currency/options/allow "GBP,EUR"

   # Set locale per store view
   bin/magento config:set --scope=stores --scope-code=de_de general/locale/code de_DE
   bin/magento config:set --scope=stores --scope-code=de_de general/locale/timezone "Europe/Berlin"

   # Disable a payment method for specific website
   bin/magento config:set --scope=websites --scope-code=uk_site payment/checkmo/active 0
   ```

   Programmatically in PHP:

   ```php
   <?php
   use Magento\Framework\App\Config\Storage\WriterInterface;
   use Magento\Store\Model\ScopeInterface;

   class ScopeConfigManager
   {
       public function __construct(
           private readonly WriterInterface $configWriter,
           private readonly \Magento\Framework\App\Cache\TypeListInterface $cacheTypeList
       ) {}

       public function setScopedValue(
           string $path,
           mixed $value,
           string $scope,
           int $scopeId
       ): void {
           $this->configWriter->save($path, $value, $scope, $scopeId);
           // Flush config cache after write
           $this->cacheTypeList->cleanType('config');
       }

       public function setWebsiteShippingOrigin(string $websiteCode, array $originData): void {
           $website = \Magento\Framework\App\ObjectManager::getInstance()
               ->create(\Magento\Store\Model\Website::class)
               ->load($websiteCode, 'code');

           $this->setScopedValue(
               'shipping/origin/country_id',
               $originData['country'],
               ScopeInterface::SCOPE_WEBSITES,
               (int)$website->getId()
           );
       }
   }
   ```

4. **Manage website-specific product assignment and pricing**

   Products can be assigned to specific websites while sharing the global catalog:

   ```php
   <?php
   // Assign a product to specific websites
   use Magento\Catalog\Model\ResourceModel\Product as ProductResource;

   class ProductWebsiteAssignment
   {
       public function __construct(
           private readonly ProductResource $productResource,
           private readonly \Magento\Store\Model\StoreManagerInterface $storeManager
       ) {}

       public function assignProductToWebsite(int $productId, string $websiteCode): void {
           $website = $this->storeManager->getWebsite($websiteCode);
           $this->productResource->websiteToProducts([
               ['product_id' => $productId, 'website_id' => $website->getId()],
           ]);
       }

       public function setWebsitePrice(int $productId, string $websiteCode, float $price): void {
           // Use tier prices with website scope for website-specific pricing
           $tierPriceResource = \Magento\Framework\App\ObjectManager::getInstance()
               ->create(\Magento\Catalog\Model\ResourceModel\Product\Attribute\Backend\Tierprice::class);
           // Or use price scope: Admin → Config → Catalog → Price → Catalog Price Scope = Website
       }
   }
   ```

   Enable website-scoped pricing:

   ```bash
   bin/magento config:set catalog/price/scope 1  # 0 = Global, 1 = Website
   bin/magento indexer:reindex catalog_product_price
   ```

5. **Configure Adobe Commerce B2B Shared Catalogs**

   Shared Catalogs (B2B feature) allow per-company product and pricing visibility:

   ```php
   <?php
   // Assign a company to a custom shared catalog
   use Magento\SharedCatalog\Api\SharedCatalogManagementInterface;
   use Magento\SharedCatalog\Api\Data\SharedCatalogInterface;

   class SharedCatalogManager
   {
       public function __construct(
           private readonly SharedCatalogManagementInterface $sharedCatalogManagement,
           private readonly \Magento\SharedCatalog\Api\SharedCatalogReposit