pydantic
Pydantic models and validation. Use when: (1) Defining schemas, (2) Validating input/output, (3) Generating JSON schema.
What this skill does
# pydantic
Type-driven validation and serialization using Pydantic models.
## Overview
Pydantic validates data using Python type hints and provides rich serialization via `model_dump()` and JSON schema output.
## When to Use
- Validating request/response payloads
- Normalizing untrusted input
- Generating JSON schema for docs
## Quick Start
```bash
uv pip install pydantic
```
```python
from pydantic import BaseModel
class User(BaseModel):
id: int
email: str
user = User(id=1, email="[email protected]")
```
## Core Patterns
1. **Typed fields**: strict schema definitions.
2. **Field validators**: custom validation logic.
3. **Model validators**: cross-field checks.
4. **Serialization**: `model_dump()` and `model_dump_json()`.
5. **Settings**: environment-driven config via `BaseSettings`.
## Example: field_validator
```python
from pydantic import BaseModel, field_validator
class Model(BaseModel):
name: str
@field_validator("name")
@classmethod
def ensure_not_empty(cls, v: str):
if not v:
raise ValueError("name required")
return v
```
## Example: model_validate + model_dump
```python
from pydantic import BaseModel
class Model(BaseModel):
foo: int
model = Model.model_validate({"foo": 1})
print(model.model_dump())
```
## Troubleshooting
- **Coercion surprises**: use strict types if needed
- **Slow validators**: keep them minimal
- **Mutable defaults**: use `default_factory`
## References
- https://docs.pydantic.dev/
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