ssh

Included with Lifetime

$97 forever

Establish and manage SSH connections to remote machines, including key generation, configuration, and file transfers. Use when connecting to remote servers, executing remote commands, or transferring files via SCP.

General

What this skill does


# SSH Skill

This skill provides capabilities for establishing and managing SSH connections to remote machines.

## Capabilities

- Establish SSH connections using password or key-based authentication
- Generate and manage SSH key pairs
- Configure SSH for easier connections
- Execute commands on remote machines
- Transfer files between local and remote machines
- Manage SSH configurations and known hosts

## Authentication Methods

### Password Authentication

```bash
ssh username@hostname
```

When prompted, you should ask the user for their password or a private key.

### Key-Based Authentication

Generate a new SSH key pair:
```bash
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f ~/.ssh/key_name -C "comment" -N ""
```

Copy the public key to the remote server:
```bash
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/key_name.pub username@hostname
```

Connect using the private key:
```bash
ssh -i ~/.ssh/key_name username@hostname
```

## SSH Configuration

Create or edit the SSH config file for easier connections:
```bash
mkdir -p ~/.ssh
cat > ~/.ssh/config << 'EOF'
Host alias
    HostName hostname_or_ip
    User username
    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/key_name
    Port 22
    ServerAliveInterval 60
EOF
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/config
```

Then connect using the alias:
```bash
ssh alias
```

## Common SSH Options

- `-p PORT`: Connect to a specific port
- `-X`: Enable X11 forwarding
- `-L local_port:remote_host:remote_port`: Set up local port forwarding
- `-R remote_port:local_host:local_port`: Set up remote port forwarding
- `-N`: Do not execute a remote command (useful for port forwarding)
- `-f`: Run in background
- `-v`: Verbose mode (add more v's for increased verbosity)

## File Transfer with SCP

Copy a file to the remote server:
```bash
scp /path/to/local/file username@hostname:/path/to/remote/directory/
```

Copy a file from the remote server:
```bash
scp username@hostname:/path/to/remote/file /path/to/local/directory/
```

Copy a directory recursively:
```bash
scp -r /path/to/local/directory username@hostname:/path/to/remote/directory/
```

## SSH Agent

Start the SSH agent:
```bash
eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
```

Add a key to the agent:
```bash
ssh-add ~/.ssh/key_name
```

## Troubleshooting

- Check SSH service status on remote: `systemctl status sshd`
- Verify SSH port is open: `nc -zv hostname 22`
- Debug connection issues: `ssh -vvv username@hostname`
- Check permissions: SSH private keys should have 600 permissions (`chmod 600 ~/.ssh/key_name`)
- Verify known_hosts: If host key changed, remove the old entry with `ssh-keygen -R hostname`

## Secure SSH Key Management

### Local Storage with Proper Permissions

The most basic approach is to ensure proper file permissions:

```bash
# Set correct permissions for private keys
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
# Set correct permissions for public keys
chmod 644 ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
# Set correct permissions for SSH directory
chmod 700 ~/.ssh
```

Files: 3

Size: 6.9 KB

Complexity: 18/100

Category: General

Source: https://github.com/openhands/skills/tree/main/skills/ssh

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