swift-ui
SwiftUI implementation patterns for building polished iOS/macOS apps. Use when building views, managing state, creating layouts, implementing animations, or structuring app architecture in SwiftUI.
What this skill does
# swift-ui
SwiftUI implementation patterns for building distinctive iOS and macOS interfaces.
## Scope
This skill covers **SwiftUI implementation**—the views, modifiers, state management, and patterns needed to build polished native apps. For design theory (typography, color, hierarchy), see `design-principles`. For App Store submission, see `design-review`.
## Routing
Based on what you're building, I'll reference the appropriate implementation guide:
### View Composition
**When**: Building views, applying modifiers, structuring components
**Reference**: `references/views.md`
- View composition patterns
- Modifier ordering
- Custom view modifiers
- ViewBuilder and generics
### State Management
**When**: Managing data flow, handling state
**Reference**: `references/state.md`
- Property wrappers (@State, @Binding, @StateObject, etc.)
- Data flow patterns
- Observable objects
- Environment values
### Layout Patterns
**When**: Creating layouts, grids, responsive design
**Reference**: `references/layout.md`
- Stack patterns (VStack, HStack, ZStack)
- LazyStacks and LazyGrids
- GeometryReader and layout priorities
- Adaptive layouts
### Animation
**When**: Adding motion, transitions, gestures
**Reference**: `references/animation.md`
- Implicit vs explicit animation
- Transitions
- Spring animations
- Gesture-driven animation
### Accessibility
**When**: VoiceOver, Dynamic Type, accessibility
**Reference**: `references/accessibility.md`
- Accessibility modifiers
- VoiceOver optimization
- Dynamic Type support
- Accessibility traits and actions
### Architecture (No MVVM)
**When**: App structure, data flow patterns, questioning if you need ViewModels
**Reference**: `references/architecture.md`
- Views as pure state expressions
- Environment for dependency injection
- `.task(id:)` and `.onChange()` as mini reducers
- SwiftData direct-in-view patterns
- Testing strategies without ViewModels
### Data Persistence (SwiftData)
**When**: Storing data locally, Core Data replacement, iOS 17+
**Reference**: `references/swiftdata.md`
- @Model macro for defining entities
- @Query for reactive data fetching in views
- ModelContainer and ModelContext setup
- Relationships, predicates, migrations
- Direct SwiftUI integration (no ViewModel layer)
## Quick Reference
### Essential Patterns
```swift
// MARK: - View Composition
struct ContentView: View {
var body: some View {
NavigationStack {
List(items) { item in
ItemRow(item: item)
}
.navigationTitle("Items")
}
}
}
// MARK: - State Management (No ViewModel needed)
struct ItemDetailView: View {
@Environment(APIClient.self) private var client
@Environment(\.dismiss) private var dismiss
@State private var item: Item?
var body: some View {
Form {
// content
}
.task { await loadItem() }
}
}
// MARK: - Animation
Button("Animate") {
withAnimation(.spring(response: 0.3, dampingFraction: 0.6)) {
isExpanded.toggle()
}
}
```
### HIG Quick Reference
| Element | iOS Standard |
|---------|-------------|
| Touch target | 44pt minimum |
| Navigation bar | 44pt height |
| Tab bar | 49pt height |
| Toolbar | 44pt height |
| Corner radius | 10-20pt for cards |
| Standard margin | 16pt |
### Color System
```swift
// Use semantic colors
Color.primary // Adapts to dark mode
Color.secondary
Color.accentColor
Color(uiColor: .systemBackground)
Color(uiColor: .secondarySystemBackground)
```
## Anti-Patterns
- Force unwrapping in views
- Massive view bodies (extract into subviews, not ViewModels)
- Business logic in views (move to services in Environment)
- Ignoring @MainActor for UI updates
- Not supporting Dynamic Type
- Hardcoded colors instead of semantic
- Using ViewModels when @State + Environment suffices
## Related Skills
- **swift-lang** - Swift language features (macros, concurrency, testing)
- **design-principles** - Theory behind the choices
- **web-design** - Web/CSS implementation
- **design-review** - App Store submission prep
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