google-analytics

What this skill does

# Google Analytics (GA4)

Pull reports and insights from GA4 using the Google Analytics Data API.

## Prerequisites

Requires Google OAuth credentials:
- `GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID`
- `GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET`
- A valid OAuth access token (refreshed as needed)

Set credentials in `.env`, `.env.local`, or `~/.claude/.env.global`.

### Getting an Access Token

```bash
# Step 1: Get authorization code (user must visit this URL in browser)
echo "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth?client_id=${GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID}&redirect_uri=urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob&scope=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/analytics.readonly&response_type=code&access_type=offline"

# Step 2: Exchange code for tokens
curl -s -X POST "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token" \
  -d "code={AUTH_CODE}" \
  -d "client_id=${GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID}" \
  -d "client_secret=${GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET}" \
  -d "redirect_uri=urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob" \
  -d "grant_type=authorization_code"

# Step 3: Refresh an expired token
curl -s -X POST "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token" \
  -d "refresh_token={REFRESH_TOKEN}" \
  -d "client_id=${GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID}" \
  -d "client_secret=${GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET}" \
  -d "grant_type=refresh_token"
```

Store the refresh token securely. The access token expires after 1 hour.

### Finding Your GA4 Property ID

```bash
curl -s -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GA_ACCESS_TOKEN}" \
  "https://analyticsadmin.googleapis.com/v1beta/accountSummaries" \
  | python3 -c "
import json, sys
data = json.load(sys.stdin)
for acct in data.get('accountSummaries', []):
    for prop in acct.get('propertySummaries', []):
        print(f\"{prop['property']}  |  {prop.get('displayName','')}  |  Account: {acct.get('displayName','')}\")
"
```

The property ID format is `properties/XXXXXXXXX`.

---

## API Base

```
POST https://analyticsdata.googleapis.com/v1beta/{property_id}:runReport
```

All report requests use POST with a JSON body. Always include `Authorization: Bearer {ACCESS_TOKEN}`.

---

## 1. Traffic Overview Report

Get sessions, users, page views, and engagement rate over a date range.

### Example curl

```bash
curl -s -X POST \
  "https://analyticsdata.googleapis.com/v1beta/properties/{PROPERTY_ID}:runReport" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GA_ACCESS_TOKEN}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "dateRanges": [{"startDate": "30daysAgo", "endDate": "today"}],
    "metrics": [
      {"name": "sessions"},
      {"name": "totalUsers"},
      {"name": "newUsers"},
      {"name": "screenPageViews"},
      {"name": "engagementRate"},
      {"name": "averageSessionDuration"},
      {"name": "bounceRate"}
    ]
  }'
```

### Date Range Shortcuts

- `today`, `yesterday`
- `7daysAgo`, `14daysAgo`, `28daysAgo`, `30daysAgo`, `90daysAgo`
- Specific dates: `2024-01-01`
- Compare periods by passing two dateRanges

---

## 2. User Acquisition Report

See where users come from (channels, sources, campaigns).

```bash
curl -s -X POST \
  "https://analyticsdata.googleapis.com/v1beta/properties/{PROPERTY_ID}:runReport" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GA_ACCESS_TOKEN}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "dateRanges": [{"startDate": "30daysAgo", "endDate": "today"}],
    "dimensions": [
      {"name": "sessionDefaultChannelGroup"}
    ],
    "metrics": [
      {"name": "sessions"},
      {"name": "totalUsers"},
      {"name": "engagementRate"},
      {"name": "conversions"}
    ],
    "orderBys": [{"metric": {"metricName": "sessions"}, "desc": true}],
    "limit": 20
  }'
```

### Useful Acquisition Dimensions

| Dimension | Description |
|-----------|-------------|
| `sessionDefaultChannelGroup` | Channel grouping (Organic, Paid, Social, etc.) |
| `sessionSource` | Traffic source (google, facebook, etc.) |
| `sessionMedium` | Medium (organic, cpc, referral, etc.) |
| `sessionCampaignName` | UTM campaign name |
| `firstUserSource` | First-touch attribution source |

---

## 3. Top Pages Report

Find the highest-traffic pages on the site.

```bash
curl -s -X POST \
  "https://analyticsdata.googleapis.com/v1beta/properties/{PROPERTY_ID}:runReport" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GA_ACCESS_TOKEN}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "dateRanges": [{"startDate": "30daysAgo", "endDate": "today"}],
    "dimensions": [
      {"name": "pagePath"}
    ],
    "metrics": [
      {"name": "screenPageViews"},
      {"name": "totalUsers"},
      {"name": "engagementRate"},
      {"name": "averageSessionDuration"}
    ],
    "orderBys": [{"metric": {"metricName": "screenPageViews"}, "desc": true}],
    "limit": 25
  }'
```

---

## 4. Engagement Metrics

Understand how users interact with your content.

```bash
curl -s -X POST \
  "https://analyticsdata.googleapis.com/v1beta/properties/{PROPERTY_ID}:runReport" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GA_ACCESS_TOKEN}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "dateRanges": [{"startDate": "30daysAgo", "endDate": "today"}],
    "dimensions": [
      {"name": "pagePath"}
    ],
    "metrics": [
      {"name": "engagedSessions"},
      {"name": "engagementRate"},
      {"name": "averageSessionDuration"},
      {"name": "screenPageViewsPerSession"},
      {"name": "eventCount"}
    ],
    "orderBys": [{"metric": {"metricName": "engagedSessions"}, "desc": true}],
    "limit": 20
  }'
```

### Key Engagement Metrics

| Metric | What It Measures |
|--------|-----------------|
| `engagementRate` | % of sessions that were engaged (>10s, 2+ pages, or conversion) |
| `averageSessionDuration` | Mean session length in seconds |
| `screenPageViewsPerSession` | Pages per session |
| `bounceRate` | % of sessions with no engagement |
| `eventCount` | Total events fired |

---

## 5. Conversion Tracking

Report on conversion events (purchases, signups, etc.).

```bash
curl -s -X POST \
  "https://analyticsdata.googleapis.com/v1beta/properties/{PROPERTY_ID}:runReport" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GA_ACCESS_TOKEN}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "dateRanges": [{"startDate": "30daysAgo", "endDate": "today"}],
    "dimensions": [
      {"name": "eventName"}
    ],
    "metrics": [
      {"name": "eventCount"},
      {"name": "totalUsers"},
      {"name": "eventValue"}
    ],
    "dimensionFilter": {
      "filter": {
        "fieldName": "eventName",
        "inListFilter": {
          "values": ["purchase", "sign_up", "generate_lead", "begin_checkout"]
        }
      }
    }
  }'
```

### Conversion by Channel

```bash
curl -s -X POST \
  "https://analyticsdata.googleapis.com/v1beta/properties/{PROPERTY_ID}:runReport" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GA_ACCESS_TOKEN}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "dateRanges": [{"startDate": "30daysAgo", "endDate": "today"}],
    "dimensions": [
      {"name": "sessionDefaultChannelGroup"}
    ],
    "metrics": [
      {"name": "sessions"},
      {"name": "conversions"},
      {"name": "totalRevenue"}
    ],
    "orderBys": [{"metric": {"metricName": "conversions"}, "desc": true}]
  }'
```

---

## 6. Audience Segments

Break down traffic by device, geography, and demographics.

### By Device Category

```bash
curl -s -X POST \
  "https://analyticsdata.googleapis.com/v1beta/properties/{PROPERTY_ID}:runReport" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GA_ACCESS_TOKEN}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "dateRanges": [{"startDate": "30daysAgo", "endDate": "today"}],
    "dimensions": [{"name": "deviceCategory"}],
    "metrics": [
      {"name": "sessions"},
      {"name": "totalUsers"},
      {"name": "engagementRate"},
      {"name": "conversions"}
    ]
  }'
```

### By Country

Replace `deviceCategory` with `country` in the dimensions.

### By Landing Page + Source

```bash
curl -s -X POST \
  "https://analyticsdata.googleapis.com/v1beta/properties/{PROPERTY_ID}:runReport" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${GA_ACCESS_TOKEN}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "dateRanges": [{"startDate": "30daysAgo", "endDate": "today"}],
    "dimensions": [